May 19, 2026
We are pleased to offer articles, interactive tools, and other materials that are designed to aide understanding of the grammar of our King James Bible. Click a topic below.
Blog
May 19, 2026
We are pleased to offer articles, interactive tools, and other materials that are designed to aide understanding of the grammar of our King James Bible. Click a topic below.
Pastor R. Hammond (First published October 1, 2018)
Living according to “every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God” (Matt. 4:4) requires that we make an effort to learn to understand every word of scripture. Yet, any honest pastor will admit that the Elizabethan-era English of our King James Bible can be challenging. One of the first challenges that we face is the so-called Elizabethan pronouns, i.e. thou, thee, thy, thine, ye, and you.
It is fair to ask if these “old fashioned” pronouns really matter – especially given that most modern Bible versions have replaced them with simpler, more familiar words. For example, modern translations typically replace “ye” with “you.” While that change may seem reasonable, readers must understand that dropping the use of the Elizabethan pronouns necessarily obscures the meaning of the Greek and Hebrew words that underlie our English translation. In fact, when translators change “ye” to “you,” they are necessarily changing God’s words!
Let’s take a closer look at the issue. Recall that the New Testament is translated from Greek. Biblical Greek differentiates between singular pronouns that refer to one person (thou, thee, thine) and plural pronouns that refer to multiple people (you, ye). Biblical Greek also differentiates between pronouns that serve as subjects and objects in a sentence. Unfortunately, modern English no longer maintains a system of pronouns that bear the same level of precision. Fortunately, however, the Elizabethan English of our King James Bible utilizes a system of pronouns that perfectly reflects the precision of the original Greek.
You may be wondering if this level of grammatical precision is actually important. Consider the King James translation of John 3:7. There, Jesus said, "Marvel not that I said unto thee (singular, object form), ye (plural, subject form) must be born again." The use of these precise pronouns in our King James translation makes it clear that, while Jesus was speaking to one man (Nicodemus), his message was that all people must be born again. However, the New International Version (NIV) obscures the fact that all must be born again; It translates John 3:7 as “You should not be surprised at my saying, You must be born again.” Because the NIV says "You must be born again," a modern reader would not likely understand that Jesus was actually telling Nicodemus that all people must be born again.
Similar distinctions are made in the Biblical Hebrew underlying our King James Old Testament. Consider Exodus 4:15: "And thou (2nd person singular, subject form) shalt speak unto him, and put words in his mouth: and I will be with thy (2nd-person singular, possessive form) mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you (plural, object form) what ye (plural, subject form) shall do" (KJV).
One commentator notes that, in the above verse, we see the pronouns "thou," "thy," "you," and "ye," all fulfilling a specific grammatical function. Modern translations are more likely to read: "You shall speak to him ...and I will be with your mouth,... and will teach you what you shall do." In choosing to simplify the translation, they obscure the precision and clarity of the underlying Hebrew words. However, our King James Bible makes it clear that the LORD told Moses that he (Moses) was to speak to Aaron, and that He (the LORD) would then teach both of them (not just Moses) what they were to do.
Ok, so how can I remember the meaning of each pronoun?
Here’s a simple rule: In our King James bible, pronouns that begin with “T” are always singular (i.e. they refer to one person); Pronouns that begin with “Y” are always plural (i.e. they refer to multiple people). Someone observed that a helpful way to remember this rule is that “t” resembles one "stick" whereas “y” pictures two (or more) sticks stacked together.
Going a step further: Biblical Greek also uses different forms of pronouns to identify subjects and objects in a sentence. Recall that, in a sentence, a subject is the person who is performing an action. The object is a person or thing that is receiving action. Consider this sentence: “Mary is feeding the baby.” “Mary” is the subject, i.e. the one performing the action. “Baby” is the object, i.e. the one upon whom the action is being performed.
Praise God for our Authorized King James Bible – an accurate translation of God’s preserved words.
A Helpful Chart of King James Bible Pronouns:
“T” pronouns are singular (and always 2nd person)
Thou = subject form
Thee = object form
“Thy” & “Thine” show possession
“Y” pronouns are plural (and always 2nd-person)
Ye = Subject form (performs action)
You = object form (received action) Remember: If someone offers you an I-O-U, you expect to receive something. (IOU ~ YOU)
“Your(s)” shows possession
Remember: "T" pronouns are always singular. "Y" pronouns are always plural.
Enter a verse or passage reference. Then click “analyze.”
Roll over or tap pronouns for further analysis.
Want to learn more?
See this downloadable presentation titled, “What Can I Do When I’m Feeling Hurt?” by Pastor Robert Hammond.
Key Highlights of the Presentation
Understanding God's Purpose: Explore biblical reasons why God may allow suffering, such as teaching us to trust Him, enabling us to comfort others, and fostering thankfulness.
Consequences of Unaddressed Pain: Learn how failing to deal with hurt biblically can lead to anger, depression, and the destruction of homes and marriages.
A "Put Off / Put On" Approach: Based on Psalm 37, the presentation details how to replace spiritually immature responses with biblical alternatives:
Put Off: Fretting, envy, anger, wrath, and evil behaviors.
Put On: Trusting the Lord, delighting in Him, committing situations to Him, resting in God, and waiting upon Him.
The Necessity of Spiritual Help: Emphasizes that replacing natural responses with biblical behaviors requires supernatural help from God, available to those who know Christ.
Practical Application: Provides immediate steps for healing, including prayer for revelation, repentance of wrong responses, and seeking opportunities to help others.
Source: Adapted from How to Deal with Hurt with permission of the author, Dr. Terry Coomer. Learn more at Hope Biblical Counseling Center.
I’m pleased to share this article, which was written by a member of Long Hill Baptist Church. Originally published July 4, 2025.
The crucifixion of Jesus Christ is not only a pivotal event in human history but also a moment filled with powerful imagery and spiritual meaning. Among the instruments of His suffering, one stands out for its haunting irony and deep symbolism: the crown of thorns. While the Roman soldiers intended it as a cruel joke to mock Jesus’ kingship, this twisted crown served a greater purpose in God’s redemptive plan. It visibly represented the weight of human sin, the curse of the fall, and the humility of a King who chose to carry it all.
Thorns as a Symbol of the Curse
To understand the significance of the crown of thorns, we must look back to Genesis 3. After Adam and Eve disobeyed God, He declared,
“Cursed is the ground for thy sake... thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee” (Genesis 3:17–18).
Thorns became a symbol of sin's consequences. They were a reminder of the brokenness that entered the world through rebellion. Their appearance was accompanied by pain, toilsome labor, suffering, and the separation between God and humanity.
When the Roman soldiers pressed a crown of thorns onto Jesus' head (Matthew 27:29, John 19:2), they were unknowingly placing the very consequence of sin upon the sinless Son of God. He wore it in full view of the world, bearing the consequences of human disobedience.
A Mockery That Revealed True Kingship
The soldiers meant to humiliate Jesus. They gave Him a purple robe, a reed as a mock scepter, and mocked Him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews.” Their actions were sarcastic and cruel. Yet in a deeper way, they revealed a profound truth.
Jesus truly is King.
“My kingdom is not of this world:” (John 18:36).
While earthly kings wear crowns of gold and rule through force, Jesus wore a crown of thorns and ruled through sacrifice. His kingship was one of humility, service, and love. What the soldiers meant as mockery became a symbol of His true identity and mission.
The Visible Weight of Sin
The crown of thorns was more than an instrument of pain. It was a powerful image of what Jesus came to do.
"Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:" (Galatians 3:13)
“But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities...” (Isaiah 53:5).
The thorns that pierced His skin pointed to the deeper suffering He endured. They represented every sin, every shame, every curse that He chose to carry. In that moment, Jesus became our substitute. He bore our guilt in full, wearing the curse on His head so we would not have to.
From Thorns to Glory
The story does not end with thorns. Jesus rose from the grave, victorious over sin and death. Revelation 19:12 tells us that, “On his head were many crowns.”
Jesus, who once wore a crown of mockery, now wears crowns of glory. The suffering Savior is now the reigning Lord. The crown of thorns has been exchanged for the crown of eternal kingship. His victory is complete, and because of it, our hope is secure.
Conclusion
Jesus wore the crown of thorns to take upon Himself the full curse of sin. What began in the Garden of Eden with Adam’s fall was atoned for on the cross with Jesus' sacrifice. The thorns that once represented pain and separation now remind us of love, redemption, and victory.
That painful crown was not just a Roman punishment. It was a holy message. Jesus bore the curse so we could receive the crown of life. What was once a symbol of shame has become a testimony of hope and healing.
“Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life.”
(Revelation 2:10)
Pastor Robert Hammond (Originally Published September 2024)
Recently, a well-meaning man sent a note in which he stated, "I decree and declare that God will multiply" blessings toward me. While I don't doubt the good intentions of that man, I was concerned enough about his theology that I asked him to explain his statement. He replied to confirm his understanding that Christians have the authority to "decree and declare" our intentions into existence. And he provided his proof text:
Job 22:28 "Thou shalt also decree a thing, and it shall be established unto thee: and the light shall shine upon thy ways."
Here's my concern: Job 22:28 is part of a speech by Eliphaz the Temanite, one of Job's friends. It is important to understand the context and who is speaking in this passage. Eliphaz was offering his perspective on why Job was suffering, wrongly suggesting that Job's trial was due to sin and that if Job repented, he could expect blessings and favor from God. However, the Bible later reveals that, in the case of Job, the counsel of Job's friends, including Eliphaz, was flawed (see Job 42:7).
Because this verse is spoken by Eliphaz, whose understanding and theology are not endorsed by God, it would be incorrect to interpret it as a doctrinal promise that Christians today can "declare" or "decree" our desires into existence.
In Psalm 37:4, the Bible does teach “delight thyself also in the LORD; and he shall give thee the desires of thine heart.” However, Scripture nowhere teaches that believers have the authority to declare or decree their desires into existence by their words alone. Instead, Scripture emphasizes prayer, submission to God's will, and trust in His sovereignty.
Indeed, 1 John 5:14 states, "And this is the confidence that we have in him, that, if we ask any thing according to his will, he heareth us." And James 4:15 teaches, "… ye ought to say, If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this, or that."
Importantly, we should also be aware that the "decree and declare" practice can be traced to the unbiblical Word of Faith movement, which emerged in the mid-20th century. More recently, New Age philosophies have promoted the idea that individuals can manifest their desired reality through spoken affirmations or declarations. This practice bears striking similarity to the practise of casting spells in witchcraft.
In summary:
Scripture encourages making humble petitions, not decrees and declarations;
Biblical prayer seeks alignment with God's will, whereas "decree and declare" often focuses on the individual's desires alone;
Biblical prayer acknowledges God's sovereignty, while "decree and declare" overestimates the authority of believers.
Lord, give us a heart to pray as Christ prayed — "nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt" (Matt. 26:39).
See related articles at other websites:
What does it mean to decree and declare? (GotQuestions.org)
Why Are People Deluded by Charismatic Error? (David Cloud)
Pastor Robert Hammond
Over the years, I have read innumerable Christmastime articles that reflect on the true meaning of Christmas. Predictably, they contend that Christmas is less about receiving gifts and more about time for family, reflection, and, of course, for giving gifts.
One Christmas season, I was invited to share the story of the best gift that I ever received. A friend invited me to share my story with a woman in his family who has been fighting a terminal illness. I quickly accepted the invitation to visit her at a local nursing home.
When I entered her room, I introduced myself and prayed with her. Then, I began telling her the story of the most wonderful gift that I had ever received.
I told her how, when I was a boy, a man took a book and told me the story of a Father who understood the importance of giving like no one else. The man described a Father who was so concerned for others that he was willing to send his only son to die for them.
I told her how that Father’s gift was motivated by unfathomable love. And I told her that his son shared that love so perfectly that he was willing to shed his blood and to die for me.
Puzzled, the women in the hospital bed turned away. And then she turned back toward me.
I explained that the book that was read to me was the Bible. And I explained that Father who was described to me is God the Father. I continued that the son who was offered by his own Father is the long-prophesied Messiah, the Lord Jesus Christ.
I explained that God the Father sent his son both to be born of a virgin in Bethlehem and to die on the cross at Calvary – exactly as had been prophesied in the Scriptures. And I told her why he did that: According the Bible, I am a sinner. Because of that, I deserve death – eternal separation from God. But, according to the Bible, “the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.”
I told her that I had received that gift and I explained how she might receive it, too. I explained that the Bible teaches that our good works aren’t good enough to earn forgiveness.
I told her how Jesus said, “ye must be born again.” And I told her that Peter, the Apostle, said, “Repent (turn away from sin) … and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out.” I explained that Salvation is a free gift that must simply be received by turning away from sin and by placing one’s faith in Christ.
That night, she too decided to receive the greatest gift that I have ever received – the gift of eternal salvation. She prayed and received Christ as her Savior. Because of her decision to receive Christ, she may know with certainty that, whenever her battle with illness ends, she will be in Heaven with her Savior. That’s a great Christmas gift indeed.
Have you received the greatest gift of all – the Lord Jesus Christ?
For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. (Romans 6:23)
Pastor Robert Hammond. First published September 1, 2017.
Autumn brings with it the annual debate among Christians about involvement in Halloween. Some hold that Halloween is a harmless time of fun for young people. Others see significant spiritual concerns.
Years ago, when my son was young, my wife and I made the decision to stop participating in Halloween. Our decision was rooted neither in fear of the occult nor in so-called religious legalism. Rather, it was a decision made in response to our growing understanding of what pleases God.
Our decision was also rooted in our understanding that Christians are involved in a real spiritual battle -- a battle against what the Bible calls "principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places" (Ephesians 6:12). And our decision was rooted in an understanding that Halloween celebrates and exalts those very same enemies.
Many have attempted to trivialize the association of Halloween with the occult. However, the association of Halloween with exaltation of death, the occult and pagan practices cannot be denied. I readily acknowledge that the precise origin of Halloween is open to a degree of debate. That said, it is well-established that the holiday has a strong historical link to the pagan religious practices of both the Celts and the Druids. The World Book Encyclopedia states that Halloween can be traced to Samhain (pronounced "sah-win"), an ancient pagan festival celebrated over 2,000 years ago by Celtic people. The Celts believed that, on that day, the dead could walk among the living.
The modern celebration of Halloween is rooted in historical efforts to "Christianize" the pagan Samhain festival by redefining it as "All Hallows Eve." This syncretism -- the practice of integrating false religious practices into Christianity -- is clearly unbiblical. We aren't commanded to incorporate false practices into Biblical Christianity. Instead, in 2 Corinthians 6:17, we are specifically commanded to "..come out from among them, and be ye separate."
In the Old Testament book of Deuteronomy, the LORD commanded His people to avoid involvement in the occult practices of their Pagan neighbors:
"When thou art come into the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations. There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer. For all that do these things are an abomination unto the LORD..." (Deuteronomy 18:9-12)
In the New Testament, the LORD reiterates His commands for believers to have no involvement in practices that are associated with evil. In Romans 12:9, Paul writes, "Abhor (hate extremely) that which is evil; cleave to that which is good." And in Ephesians 5:11, the Bible commands us to "...have no fellowship (association or companionship) with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather reprove them." To reprove is to blame or charge with fault. In these two verses alone, we are commanded to (1) cultivate an extreme hated of evil things, (2) refrain from associating with evil practices and (3) to actively charge evil practices with fault against God. Clearly, the celebration of Halloween has no place in the life of a genuine Christian.
This autumn, let's be faithful to God's command to be separate from practices that are associated with evil. Let's refrain from participating in activities that exalt darkness. And having done that, let us develop a singular focus on exalting our Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ!
Other helpful articles:
Pastor R. Hammond
In Haggai 1:1, the Bible records that "word word of the LORD" came to Haggai "in the second year of Darius the king ..."
Darius is the Persian King who God used to protect his people and to fund the Temple restoration (Ezra 6:8).
I recently had the opportunity to view this artifact from the 5th century BC, dating to within 100 years of the reign of Darius, which is on display at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. It has an inscription that mentions Darius, his son, Xerxes I (called Ahasuerus in Ezra 4:6), and his grandson, Artaxerxes I (mentioned in Ezra 4:7).
We don't need archaeology to confirm the truth of the Bible. But be encouraged that archaelogy does indeed confirm the truth of the Bible!
A biography of missionary Jim Elliot by his wife Elizabeth.
I am pleased to share this review by Nathaniel Heller, a student at New England Baptist College - Pastor Hammond. (Originally published December 27, 2024).
One of the best-known missionaries of modern times is Jim Elliot. The story of his life, missionary work, and tragic death is vividly recounted in Through Gates of Splendor by Elizabeth Elliot. This book bears record of his testimony of faithful service and unreserved commitment to God. From the life of Jim Elliot believers can see the importance of having the self-discipline to engage in preparation oriented activities, developing a burden for the unreached, laboring faithfully in spite of hardship, and willingly following God no matter the cost.
Elizabeth Elliot begins by providing insight into Jim Elliot's call into and preparation for missions. Elliot surrendered to missions while in high school, and entered college to receive his ministerial training. During that time, Elliot devoted himself wholly to those pursuits which would prepare him for his missionary work, to the exclusion of other activities which might distract him. In order that he might remain focused on the training that would truly ready him for his future ministry, his involvement in extracurricular activities was restricted, and those he did participate in consisted predominantly of pursuits which were preparation or ministry oriented. In this, Jim Elliot provides a wonderful example of self-discipline, and shows the importance of focusing one's energies on ventures that will leave one better equipped to serve the Lord.
While in college, God began directing Jim Elliot toward his eventual field of service. He saw that the Lord was leading him to South America. After meeting a missionary from Ecuador, he became burdened for a hostile and unreached tribe known as the Aucas. From early on, Elliot had longed to bring the gospel to those who were unreached. He had an overwhelming desire to evangelize those who had never heard. His burden and the ministry it resulted in is an example of the attitude all Christians should have toward the unreached. While certainly not all can, nor are called to go to such people, it should be the desire of all believers that those who never heard be reached with the gospel. Even if one does not go personally, one should still be challenged to pray that they be reached, and give toward that end.
After arriving in Ecuador, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming began working alongside veteran missionary Dr. Wilfred Tidmarsh among the Quichua people. They quickly commenced working on several arduous tasks including learning the language, understanding the culture, building airstrip, and gaining some practical medical knowledge from Dr. Tidmarsh. This had to be done while striving to gain the trust of the Quichua, and while facing their pagan customs. To add to the difficulty, the missionaries had to endure the many discomforts of jungle life such as bothersome insects and strenuous travel. In spite of all this, the love for the Quichua people and the desire to see them come to salvation enabled Elliot and Fleming to labor on through the hardships with a joyful attitude. In the endeavor of spreading the gospel sacrifices must be made, comforts must be put aside, and much effort must be exerted.
While continuing to minister among the Quichua, Elliot, who was now married, and several other missionaries became increasingly burdened for the Aucas, a tribe who was yet unreached with the gospel. He had been burdened for that tribe since God called him to Ecuador, and his desire to reach some unreached people group even predated that.
Now it seemed that God was opening the door for them to begin a work among the Aucas. Through circumstances such as missionary pilot Nate Saint locating an Auca Village and meeting a runaway Auca woman, the Lord began preparing the way for the missionaries to make contact with the Aucas.
Elliot and four of his fellow missionaries formulated a plan which they called Operation Auca. They began by attempting to build rapport with the tribe from their plane by dropping gifts. After seeming to have developed a familiarity with some of the natives, the men decided to establish a camp on a beach near the village in an effort to make contact with them. This they decided, even though they had full knowledge of the hostile reputation of the Aucas. They were willing to go even though they knew it may cost them their lives. This was ultimately the price that they paid. After a brief, seemingly friendly encounter, all five men were killed by the very people they came to reach. This is perhaps the greatest lesson to be learned from the life of Jim Elliot. In spite of the danger he would face, he faithfully submitted and followed God's leading. No sacrifice was too great.
Lessons believers can learn from the life of Jim Elliot include the importance of having the self-discipline to engage in preparation oriented activities, developing a burden for the unreached, laboring faithfully in spite of hardship, and willingly following God no matter the cost. The story of his life has influenced untold numbers of Christians. This can be credited in large part to the account given in Through Gates of Splendor. Those who read this book will not be able to help but see his faithfulness, love for God, and heart for the lost. This book will encourage its readers to have a closer walk with God, and live lives more fully surrendered to Him.
Copyright © 2024 Nathaniel Heller. Reprinted here with permission.—————
In January, this book will be available in the Long Hill Baptist Chuch library.
Also available from Amazon in Kindle and print formats.
Does “LORD” refer to the Father, the Son, the Holy Spirit - or to all three persons of the tri-une Godhead? This question was answered in a Sunday School lesson that was taught on May 11, 2025. Listen below. Read the notes here.
R. Hammond, Long Hill Baptist Church, Trumbull, CT
Background: We increasingly deal with individuals who demonstrate a spiritually dangerous fixation on conspiracy theories. An unbalanced fixation on conspiracy theories predicts both spiritual problems for the individual and resulting spiritual risk to the larger assembly. Thankfully, the Bible is sufficient to reveal and remedy the underlying spiritual issues that contribute to this problem (2 Tim. 3:16-17).
Some Relevant Insights:
When dealing with individuals who have an unhealthy fixation on conspiracy theories, it may be helpful to acknowledge the possibility that some conspiracy theories may have some basis in reality;
Our natural tendency to experience discomfort at our sense of powerlessness may lead us to seek “secret knowledge,” i.e as a means of achieving a sense of power. Ironically, knowledge of conspiracy theories tends only to fuel a sense of powerlessness;
Some may seek external explanations (including governmental conspiracies) to explain or justify their perceived failures. “I couldn’t succeed because I’m not part of the government system, the Masons, etc.” Whereas, “That other guy is able to have a big house and nice car because he’s part of the system.” (Conspiracy theories may be adopted as a justification for failure);
Those who adopt conspiracy theories often express contempt for individuals or institutions that “don’t do enough to teach others the real truth.” This contempt may extend to pastors and churches (perhaps as a means of managing the guilt at one’s perceived spiritual failings – or as a means of dismissing oneself from the obligation to submit to the biblical authority of a pastor / church);
No doubt, Satan is delighted by the prospect of utilizing this dynamic to harm the unity to which churches are called (e.g. Acts 2:46; Ro. 12:16, 15:5; 1 Cor. 1:10; Phil 1:27, 2:1-2, 3:16, 4:3; 1 Pe. 3:8).
One Christian man offers, “I believe it is a pride issue that stems from the same problems the Athenians had. “(Acts 17:21 (For all the Athenians and strangers which were there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell, or to hear some new thing.)
Another man offers, “Interesting connection. Two people I can think of in the last year in our church who were helped with assurance of salvation, shared with me that they have stopped watching YouTube conspiracy videos…”
Biblical Principles Related to Trust
Men of God are called to trust in God for his provision and protection (rather than trusting in knowledge of secret conspiracies for protection, etc.) (Ps 2:12; Ps 4:5; Ps 5:11; Ps 7:1; Ps 9:10; Ps 11:1; Ps 16:1; Ps 17:7; Ps 18:2,30; Ps 20:7; Ps 25:2,20; Ps 31:1,6,19; Ps 34:22; Ps 36:7; Ps 37:3,5,40; Ps 40:3-4; Ps 44:6; Ps 49:6; Ps 52:8; Ps 55:23; Ps 56:3-4,11; Ps 61:4; Ps 62:8,10; Ps 64:10; Ps 71:1,5; Ps 73:28; Ps 91:2,4; Ps 115:9-11; Ps 118:8-9; Ps 119:42; Ps 125:1; Ps 141:8; Ps 143:8; Ps 144:2; Ps 146:3; 1Ti 4:10).
Biblical principles regarding our right attitude & actions toward civil government
Rather than viewing human government as our enemy, we must recognize that our real battle is with spiritual enemies (Eph. 6:12);
Ephesians 6:12 For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places
Understand that “high” is not a reference to earthly civil authorities; the word refers to celestial (places) and is commonly translated heavenly (K. Brooks). That said, we should acknowledge the potential for demonic influence on civil authorities.
Instead of viewing government as inherently evil, we must recognize that God has ordained civil governments for his righteous purposes, including “punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well.” (1 Pe. 2:13-14). “For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil” (Rom. 13:3a). (Although, again, we acknowledge that individuals in government may be demonically influenced).
Accordingly, Grudem argues that we should not accept Satan’s (false) claim of Luke 4:5-6 that “all the kingdoms of the word” (Lu 4:5) are under Satan’s “power” that is “delivered unto him” (Lu 4:6). Indeed, Satan “is a liar, and the father of it” (John 8:44). (In his textbook, Politics According to the Bible Grudem argues that Greg Boyd is wrong to promote the notion that Luke 4:6 reveals that all governments are inherently evil and demonic. See Boyd’s The Myth of a Christian Nation. ) (Note: Boyd is also one of the men who has been at the forefront of promoting the false doctrine of Open Theism).
We must recognize that specific individuals are “ordained of God” (Ro. 13:1b) to positions of authority in civil power; He gives rule to “whomsoever he will” (Dan. 4:17). Rulers are “sent by him.” (1Pe. 2:14a)
Examples where God established a specific individual to a position of civil authority include: Pharaoh (Ex. 9:16); Cyrus king of Persia (prophesied in Isa. 44:28-45:1); Nebuchadnezzar (Dan 2:21, 4:25) (Grudem)
We must recognize that God calls us to submit to the civil authorities (Rom. 13:1-7; Tit. 3:1; 1 Pe. 2:13-17; Mat. 22:21);
We should obey the civil authorities up to the point at which they could compel us to disobey God (Acts 5:29)
Biblical examples of individuals who disobeyed civil authorities for the purpose of remaining obedient to God: Daniel (Dan 3:13-27 – worship; 6:10 - prayer); The Egyptian midwives (Ex. 1:15-21); The wise men (Mat 2:1-12) (Grudem)
We must understand that it is a mark of “fleshly” carnal believers to “despise government” and “speak evil of dignities.”
Even angels (who are greater than men) refrain from railing against powers (both human authorities – 2 Pe. 1:11 AND spiritual powers / demons – Jude 9. Instead, Peter calls us to “to reserve the unjust unto the day of judgment to be punished” (2 Pe 2:9). Similarly, when Jesus was “reviled” and “suffered,” he “committed himself to him judgeth righteously” (despite the threat of the cross!) – (1 Pe 2:19-23);
Rather than choosing to “speak evil of dignities” (those in authority) (2 Peter 2:11), we are called to pray and give thanks “for kings, and for all that are in authority; (1 Tim. 2:1-4);
We should recognize that there is biblical precedent for seeking to respectfully exert a biblical influence upon civil authorities (Grudem). Examples include: Daniel and Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. 4:27); John the Baptist and Herod Antipas (Luke 3:19-20); Paul and Felix (Acts 24:24-25) (Grudem)
Biblical principles related to our right focus
We must recognize that God has not revealed all things. As such, we are wise to focus on knowing and doing those things which he has revealed (De. 29:29);
Rather than investing ourselves in seeking possibly unknowable truth regarding conspiracy theories, we are called to invest ourselves in the truth of God’s word (John 17:17);
We must recognize that we are called to “set our affections on things above” rather than on the things of this world (Col. 3:1-4);
Rather than allowing conspiracy theories to occupy our minds (thereby distracting us from the things of God), we should fill our minds with the things of God (Phil. 4:8-9; 1 Tim. 1:4; 2 Tim. 4:3-4)
1 Tim. 1:4 & 2 Tim. 4:3-4 deal with doctrinal “fables.” However, it may be appropriate to draw a parallel to conspiracy theories.
Rather than allowing the pursuit of conspiracy theories to occupy our time, we are called to fill our time with the things of God, e.g. prayer, praise, Bible study, sharing the gospel, etc.
Job was determined to walk with God despite the great trials that followed the secret agreement between God and Satan (Job 1, 2, 23). We should maintain a focus on doing the same! (T. Falk)
It is unwise for a man to trouble the brethren unnecessarily (Prov. 11:29).
Principles regarding a right response to justified concerns and related worries
Rather than ruminating on possible conspiracies (perhaps as a false “me-centered” means by which to gain a sense of control over those things), we are called to pray about those things that concern us / lead us to anxiety (Phil. 4:6-7);
Sources:
Personal discussions and correspondence with Pastors K. Brooks and T. Faulk.
Politics According to the Bible by Wayne Grudem, Zondervan (2010) (Note: We do not endorse all of this publication or everything written by this author).
Pastor Bob Hammond. First published 2010. Updated 2014 and 2025.
In recent years, many Christian couples have re-visited the debate regarding the use of birth control. Some have rejected birth control methods altogether--expressing a desire to give themselves more fully to the LORD’s plan for their families (Gen. 1:28; Ps. 127:3-5). Others have chosen to limit their use of birth control to so-called non-hormonal methods -- noting concern about the potential for hormonal methods (e.g. “the pill”) to terminate early pregnancies. To help guide your own decision, consider these four observations:
1. Bearing children is one of the LORD’s primary purposes for marriage.
Genesis 1:28 “And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.”
Also recognize that children are a blessing from the LORD and a Godly source of happiness:
Psalm 127:3-5 “Lo, children are an heritage of the LORD: and the fruit of the womb is his reward. 4 As arrows are in the hand of a mighty man; so are children of the youth. 5 Happy is the man that hath his quiver full of them: they shall not be ashamed, but they shall speak with the enemies in the gate.”
2. The LORD knew us before we were conceived. Also, he has mandated the protection of unborn children (without regard to the stage of development).
The LORD told Jeremiah that He knew Jeremiah “before I formed thee in the belly.”
Jeremiah 1:5 “Before I formed thee in the belly I knew thee; and before thou camest forth out of the womb I sanctified thee, and I ordained thee a prophet unto the nations.”
Moses taught that a man who harms an unborn child should suffer punishment:
Exodus 21:22-23 “If men strive, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischief follow: he shall be surely punished, according as the woman's husband will lay upon him; and he shall pay as the judges determine. 23 And if any mischief follow, then thou shalt give life for life."
In Exodus 21, the LORD does not specify the point of development at which an unborn child is afforded this protection. That wasn’t necessary because a fertilized human egg is simply a human being at the earliest stage of development. It is clear that the LORD desires that unborn children be protected at all stages of development - from conception forward.
3. If Christians choose to use birth control, they must recognize that many methods are abortive, i.e. they have potential to cause an early pregnancy to be terminated.
Hormonal birth-control methods such as the pill, patch, ring and hormonal injections work in three ways. First, they are intended to prevent an egg from being released from the ovaries. Second, they create an environment that reduces the ability of sperm to reach an egg. And third, they create an environment in the womb that can prevent a fertilized egg from continuing to develop in the womb. We observe that, because a fertilized egg is a human at the earliest stage of development, creating a situation that prevents the egg from developing normally is, in fact, abortive.
Note: An IUD (intrauterine device) has similar abortive potential and should therefore be avoided.
Emergency Contraception. Christians should also be aware that the so-called “morning after pill” is also intended to cause the rejection of a fertilized egg rather than to prevent conception. Some brands include: Plan B, Take Action, My Way, Option 2, Aftera, Preventeza, and Julie (a newer generic).
4. Other forms of contraception have no known abortive potential.
Two groups of methods have no known abortive potential: so-called barrier methods and behavioral methods. Christian married couples who choose to use birth control should consider these methods.
Barrier Methods. These methods involve the use of a physical barrier between the sperm and egg.
Male condoms
Female condoms
Cervical cap (including Lea's Shield)
Diaphragm
Behavioral Methods. These methods involve regulating the timing of intercourse to reduce the likelihood of pregnancy.
Fertility awareness methods
Symptoms-based methods of fertility awareness involve a woman's observation and charting of her body's fertility signs to determine the fertile and infertile phases of her monthly cycle. Most methods track one or more of the three primary fertility signs, i.e. changes in basal body temperature, in cervical mucus, and in cervical position. Other bodily cues include abdominal pain that occurs around the time of ovulation.
Calendar-based methods such as the rhythm method and Standard Days Method estimate the likelihood of fertility based on the length of past menstrual cycles. To avoid pregnancy with fertility awareness, unprotected sex is restricted to the least fertile period of time.
Conclusion
Christian couples do well to remember that “children are an heritage of the LORD.” In the event that contraceptive methods will be utilized, hormonal methods should be avoided due to their potential to cause abortions. A variety of alternative methods are available that do not have abortive potential, including both barrier and behavior methods.
Understanding Hence, Whence, Thence, Hither, Thither, Whither.
Pastor R. Hammond
Directional adverbs generally modify (describe) a verb by showing where or in what direction action happens—either in space or in time.
Our King James Bible uses a set of directional (or locational) adverbs that are uncommon in modern English. However, these words appear more than 500 times in our Bible. Learning the meaning of these words is essential for a clear understanding of Scripture.
These adverbs —hence, whence, thence, hither, thither, and whither—are not simply poetic; they carry precise meanings that faithfully convey the sense of the underlying Greek and Hebrew words.
These terms should be studied and learned so that we may read our Bible with a more precise understanding.
First note that, some of these adverbs ask direction or location, while others give direction or location.
The adverbs beginning with "wh" (whence, whither) ask direction or location. Think, where?
The adverbs beginning with "th" (thence, thither) give direction or location. Think, there!
And the adverbs beginning with "h" (hence, hither) also give direction or location. Think here.
See this simple chart:
Now that we have the basic idea, let's dig a bit deeper.
Each of these adverbs describes either movement away from or toward a place, position or point in time:
If the beginning of the adverb (wh-, th-, h-) is followed by an “e” (as in thence), the word addresses an exit from (or movement away from) a place, position or point in time;
However, if the beginning of the adverb is followed by an “i” (as in thither), the word addresses movement into (or toward) a place, position or point in time.
Remember:
“e” is for exit / movement away from;
“i” is for into / movement toward.
Let’s take a closer look:
1. We’ve already seen that the two adverbs beginning with "wh" ask "where?" Now see the difference between the two forms: "whence" and "whither."
Whence = from where? (See the "e" in whence. Think "e" is for exit, i.e. from where did you exit / come?)
Whither = into where? (See the "i" in whither. Think "i" in for into where?)
See an example: In Genesis 16:8, we read, "And he said, Hagar, Sarai's maid, whence (from where exited?) camest thou? and whither (into where?) wilt thou go? And she said, I flee from the face of my mistress Sarai.
2. We’ve also seen that the two directional adverbs beginning with "th" provide direction or location. They mean “there.” Now see the difference between the two forms: "thence" and "thither."
Thence = from there (departure in location or time). See the "e" in "thence." Think "e" is for exit / came from there.
Thither = into there. See the "i" on thither. Think "i" is for into there.
An example: 1 Samuel 22:1 reads, "David therefore departed thence (exited / came from there), and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither (into there) to him.
3. Finally, we’ve also seen that the two adverbs beginning with "h" also provide direction or location. They mean “here.” Now see the difference between the two forms: "hence" and "hither."
Hence = exit from here (departure in location or time). See the "e" in "hence." Think "e" is for exit from.
Hither = into here (See the "i" on hither. Think "i" is for into here).
See an example: Genesis 42:15 reads, "Hereby ye shall be proved: By the life of Pharaoh ye shall not go forth hence (exit from here), except your youngest brother come hither (into here)."
See this expanded summary chart:
Enter a verse or passage reference that contains directional adverbs, e.g. Genesis 42. Then roll-over (or tap) the color-coded adverbs for analysis.
Also see:
Interactive tool: Analyze directional adverbs in any passage
Understanding King James Pronouns (e.g. thee, thy, thou, you, ye)
Understand King James Verbs Endings (e.g. -eth, -est, -edst)
On April 22, 2025, Arthur Silvia, 75, went home to be with his Lord and Savior. He was a beloved husband, brother, uncle, and a faithful servant of Christ.
Art was born in 1950 to Arthur and Rose Silvia. His life was marked by humility and steadfast faith. A long-time and devoted member of Long Hill Baptist Church in Trumbull, Arthur was known for his quiet strength and kind spirit. His presence was a constant encouragement to his church family.
He was married to the love of his life, Marilyn Silvia, for 52 blessed years. Together, they exemplified a Christ-centered marriage and a shared life of faithful service. They lived in Bridgeport before moving to Beacon Falls.
Arthur is survived by his dear brother, Gary Silvia; sister-in-law and brother-in-law, Gail B. Sachs and Michael B. Sachs; and his brothers-in-law, Stanley Goldman and Mark Goldman (Joan Goldman).
Arthur was a cherished uncle to Scott Callahan (Kate Callahan), Michael Goldman (Andee Goldman), Eric Goldman (Karina Goldman), David Rubenstein (Jennifer Rubenstein), Gary Rubenstein and Stephen Rebello, Lisa Goldman, and Joseph Greco (Marisol Greco).
He was also a beloved great-uncle to Sienna, Mason, and Brayden Callahan; Isabella and Myla Goldman; Emberlee and Nova Lee Goldman; Kristen Costa (Aramis Costa); and Ryan and Sara Rubenstein.
Arthur’s kindness, gentle humor, and enduring faith were a reflection of the Savior he loved. His life touched countless others, and his memory will be treasured by family, friends, and his beloved church community.
In honor of Arthur’s legacy and service, memorial gifts may be made to Long Hill Baptist Church.
We praise the Lord for Arthur’s life and rejoice that he is now in the presence of Christ his Savior, where there is fullness of joy and peace forevermore.
A memorial service was conducted at Long Hill Baptist Church on Saturday, April 26, 2025.
Pastor Robert Hammond and Long Hill Baptist Church of Trumbull, CT desire to be a loving help and encouragement to individuals and families with special needs. Contact Pastor Hammond. (Originally published November 5, 2024)
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects many individuals and families today, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for those who live with it. While the Bible does not specifically mention autism, its principles provide guidance, encouragement, and hope for individuals and families navigating life on the spectrum.
Introduction
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological condition that can affect communication, social interaction, and behavior. The prevalence of autism has increased in recent years, with the CDC reporting in 2023 that 1 in 36 children in the United States is diagnosed with ASD.
Although autism is not directly addressed in Scripture, the Bible offers profound truths that can help those living with autism and their families. These truths emphasize God’s love, His purpose for every individual, and His provision of grace and strength in all circumstances.
The Value of Every Person
The Bible teaches that every person is created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27), which gives inherent value to every life. This truth applies to all people, including those with autism. Psalm 139:14 declares, “I will praise thee; for I am fearfully and wonderfully made.” This verse reminds us that each individual is uniquely crafted by God according to His good purpose. Autism does not diminish a person’s worth in the eyes of God. Instead, it is one part of the unique design He has for that individual’s life.
God’s Purposes in Autism
While the specific challenges of autism may be difficult to understand, believers can trust that God has a purpose. Jeremiah 29:11 assures us, “For I know the thoughts that I think toward you, saith the Lord, thoughts of peace, and not of evil, to give you an expected end.” Autism is not an accident or mistake but part of God’s sovereign plan.
For families and individuals living with autism, this perspective offers hope. God’s purpose often involves using our weaknesses to demonstrate His strength. As Paul wrote in 2 Corinthians 12:9, “My grace is sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness.” Those living with autism can rest in the truth that God’s grace is sufficient for every need.
Our Call to Demonstrate Love
The Bible calls believers to love one another and bear one another’s burdens (Galatians 6:2). For families living with autism, this command encourages patience, understanding, and compassion. Just as Christ showed gentleness and care for those who faced challenges, families and churches are called to support individuals with autism in practical and spiritual ways.
Churches, in particular, have an opportunity to reflect Christ’s love by creating welcoming environments for individuals with autism. This might include sensory-friendly accommodations, support for caregivers, or simply seeking to understand the unique needs of those on the spectrum.
Finding Strength in the Lord
Autism provides an opportunity for individuals and families to testify to God’s sustaining grace. Just as Paul’s “thorn in the flesh” became an opportunity to glorify God (2 Corinthians 12:7-10), the challenges of autism can point others to God’s strength and faithfulness.
Families living with autism may grow spiritually as they learn to trust God more deeply and grow in Christlike patience and love. In our response to each challenge, we may demonstrate the truth of Romans 8:28: “And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.”
Conclusion
Living with autism presents unique opportunities and challenges. Thankfully, the Bible offers guidance, encouragement, and hope for those navigating life on the spectrum. As we trust in God’s plan, show love and support to one another, and rely on His grace, we can see his glory revealed in and through the lives of those with autism.
Related Books:
On April 12, 2025, Pastor Hammond conducted a workshop on artificial intelligence at the Northeast Leadership Conference at Central Baptist Church in Southington, CT.
The workshop provided a practical introduction to artificial intelligence tools, together with risks and potential benefits for ministry.
The presentation may be downloaded below in PDF format.
Pastor Robert Hammond
This short article is offered in love regarding those who believe they are receiving new revelation from God.
I received a note from a man who made the following claims:
"God has given me the gift of prophecy..."
"This is the voice of the Lord..."
"I gave ...a word yesterday from the Lord."
Is any of that biblical?
That man’s claim regarding the gift of prophecy has a biblical basis — but must be understood biblically. In Romans 12:6, Paul writes:
““Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, whether prophecy, let us prophesy according to the proportion of faith.””
What does that mean today?
The gift of prophecy that Paul described involves proclaiming the written words of God rather than receiving and revealing new revelation from God. Today, this gift is exercised primarily through preaching. This gift of prophecy in no way involves receiving new messages from God. In fact, the Bible plainly warns against adding to or subtracting from the written words of God:
““For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book: And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book. ”
The LORD has further warned prophets who "speak a vision of their own heart, and not out of the mouth of the LORD" (Jeremiah 23:16). He states, "But the prophet, which shall presume to speak a word in my name, which I have not commanded him to speak... even that prophet shall die." (Deuteronomy 18:20).
Thankfully, we don't need any additional revelation from God! The Bible states that the completed canon of Scripture is sufficient:
““All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.”
Conclusion
Today, people are not receiving new revelation from God. God has warned against adding to his words. The canon of Scripture is complete — and it is sufficient.
Biblical counsel for those who claim to receive new revelation from God:
Confess the sin of this false practice. Agree with the LORD that this is false. Repent (turn) from the sin and forsake it (leave it behind);
Turn your focus to the written words of God. Hebrew 4:12 states, "the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any twoedged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart."
Ask the Lord to help you yield to him. Ask him to help you focus on Scripture. And ask him to help you practically apply his words — as he desires.
Amos chapter 8 confronts us with an important lesson: there is a cost to delaying obedience. There is a regretful sorrow that follows spiritual procrastination. Lord, help us to yield to you and therein find grace to obey your words.
Introduction
God’s words are not suggestions. The Bible is not one voice among many, but the final authority for all matters of faith and practice. To ignore it, to reject its correction, is to sow seeds of sorrow and reap a harvest of regret.
Nowhere is this truth more vividly portrayed than in Amos chapter 8. This chapter is a mournful lament from the prophet Amos, given in 8th century B.C. to Israel — a rebellious and complacent people who had long closed their ears to the voice of the LORD.
See the result of their refusal of correction: Regret layered upon regret—a deep and bitter sorrow. Consider the verses of this chapter. Hear the mournful tones that resound when a people will not receive the correction of God's words.
The Fall of Joy and the Rise of “Howlings” (Amos 8:3)
The chapter begins with a divine vision: a basket of summer fruit. It seems sweet at first glance, but Jehovah explains, “The end is come upon my people of Israel; I will not again pass by them any more” (v.2). The summer fruit is ripe—not with blessing, but with judgment. Verse 3 brings us to the temple, where once joyful songs were sung. Now, instead, there are “howlings.” The joyous gatherings in the house of worship have been turned into scenes of mourning.
Why? Because the people had long treated the Lord's words as a nuisance rather than a necessity. Correction had been offered, but not received. Prophets were silenced, truth was despised, and the result was sorrow.
Silence: The Grief Too Deep for Words (Amos 8:3b)
“And there shall be many dead bodies in every place; they shall cast them forth with silence.” This is no ordinary funeral. There is no eulogy, no comfort, no closure. The silence described here is the deafening quiet that comes when there is nothing left to say. The grief is so great, so complete, that words fail. It is the sound of a people realizing too late that they should have listened when the LORD spoke.
What could have spared them this silence? The Word of God. Yet they turned a deaf ear. They dismissed correction. And now, there was no comfort to be found.
National and Personal Sorrow (Amos 8:8)
“Shall not the land tremble for this, and every one mourn that dwelleth therein?” The language shifts here to include both the personal and national. When God’s Word is ignored, the consequences are never isolated. The sorrow is communal. The land itself is disturbed. Every individual is affected.
It’s a clear picture of national collapse that begins with spiritual compromise. When a people harden their hearts against the reproof of God’s Word, judgment follows. There is no safe haven from disobedience. All suffer. The ground shakes, the people mourn, and the root cause is spiritual rebellion.
Feasts Turned to Funerals (Amos 8:10)
The LORD says, “I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation.” What a reversal. The very days meant for joy and celebration are now drenched in sorrow. The music of celebration is replaced with the sounds of grief. Every outward expression of festivity is transformed into a symbol of inner regret.
Sackcloth is put on. Heads are shaved in grief. The LORD uses this language to show us just how devastating the consequences are when his words are rejected.
The Saddest Verse – A Famine of the Word (Amos 8:11-12)
“Behold, the days come, saith the Lord GOD, that I will send a famine in the land…” But this famine is not for bread. It is not for water. It is a famine “of hearing the words of the LORD.”
There will come a day, God says, when they will want to hear. They will long for a message from the LORD. They will run from sea to sea. They will search high and low. But they will not find it.
This is one of the most haunting warnings in all of Scripture. The tragedy is not merely that they won’t hear—but that they once could have. The words were available. The prophets spoke plainly. The correction was offered. But it was refused. And now, when the people finally see the value of the Word, it is no longer accessible. What terrible regret!
The Danger of Delay
This chapter confronts us with an important lesson: there is a cost to delaying obedience. There is a sorrow that follows spiritual procrastination. The people of Israel in Amos’ day didn’t outright deny the Lord's existence—they just refused to listen when He spoke. They didn’t declare open rebellion—they simply ignored correction.
But in the eyes of the LORD, silence toward his words is no different than opposition to it. His words are not decorations to be admired but commands to be obeyed. Correction is a gift. When it is received, it brings life. When it is rejected, it brings sorrow.
Application for Today
Let us take this warning to heart. Today, the Bible is readily available. Churches abound. Sermons are preached. But how many sit week after week under the sound of God’s words and never change? How many read the Scriptures and yet remain unmoved?
If we neglect the correction of Scripture now, we may find ourselves in a famine later. A day may come—either by judgment or by death—when the opportunity to repent and receive instruction is gone. What a tragedy it would be to cry out for the Word when it can no longer be found.
Closing Thoughts
Amos 8 is a heavy chapter, but it is full of truth we need to hear. God’s correction is not cruelty—it is mercy. To be warned by the LORD is to be loved by the LORD. But when that correction is spurned, the end is bitter.
Let us be people who tremble at his words, who love reproof, who welcome conviction. Let us not wait until the songs turn to howlings and the feasts turn to funerals. Let us hear Him now.
As the Psalmist wrote, “To day if ye will hear his voice, harden not your heart” (Psalm 95:7-8).
May we not be found wandering in regret, but walking in obedience—ever guided by the words of our God. Lord, help us to yield to you and therein to find grace to obey your words.